Image: wikimedia

Wake Island (also known as Wake Atoll) is a coral atoll located in the western Pacific Ocean in the northeastern area of the Micronesiasubregion, 2,416 km (1501 mi) east of Guam, 3,698 km (2,298 mi) west ofHonolulu and 3,205 km (1,992 mi) southeast of Tokyo. The island is anunorganizedunincorporated territory of the United States, but claimed by the Marshall Islands. Wake Island is one of the most isolated islands in the world and the nearest inhabited island is Utirik Atoll in the Marshall Islands, 952 km (592 mi) to the southeast.

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Wake Island is administered by the United States Air Force, under agreement with the Department of the Interior. The center of activity on the atoll is at Wake Island Airfield (IATAAWKICAOPWAK) which is primarily used as a mid-Pacific refueling stop for military aircraft and as an emergency landing area. The 9,800-foot (3,000 m) runway is the longest strategic runway in the Pacific islands. Located south of the runway is amissile launch facility operated by the United States Army Space and Missile Defense Command and the Missile Defense Agency. The Base Operations Support contractor at Wake is Chugach Alaska Corporation. There are about 94 people living on Wake Island and access to the island is restricted.

Image: wikia

On December 11, 1941, Wake Island was the site of Japan's first military setback against American forces during World War II when MarinesNavyand some civilian personnel on the island repelled an attempted Japaneseinvasion, sinking two destroyers and a transport. The island subsequently fell to Japanese forces 12 days later, after a successful second invasion attempt on December 23, 1941, this time with extensive support from Japanese carrier-based aircraft returning from the attack on Pearl Harbor. Wake Island remained occupied by Japanese forces until the end of the war; the garrison surrendered the island back to United States forces on September 4, 1945.

Image: warfarehistorynetwork

On January 5, 2009, President George W. Bush included the submerged and emergent lands at the atoll as a unit of the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument. For statistical purposes, Wake Island is grouped as one of the United States Minor Outlying Islands (UM-79) by theInternational Organization for Standardization (ISO 3166)

Geography

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Wake is located to the west of the International Date Line and sits in the Wake Island Time Zone (UTC+12), one day ahead of the 50 U.S. states, two-thirds of the way between Honolulu, 2,300 statute miles (3,700 km) to the east and Guam, 1,510 statute miles (2,430 km) to the west. The closest land is the uninhabitedBokak Atoll 348 mi (560 km) to the south east.

Image: wikimedia

Although Wake is officially called an island in the singular form, it is actually an atoll comprising three islands and a reef surrounding a central lagoon.

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